SER HOMEM: A REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS MASCULINIDADES NA REVISTA CURITIBANA O OLHO DA RUA

Abstract

Argue on masculinities is not an easy task, since the problematization of these only started to gain strength in the 1990s in Human Sciences. Our society, in a general way, is a good observatory to analyze and try to understand how patterns and stereotypes that hover over genres, whether they are male or female, are made.Culture, as well as its products, such as the media, serve as sources for various studies. Taking this into consideration, we chose the magazine O Olho da Rua as research object. The magazine was published from 1907 to 1911 in Curitiba, in the state of Parana, characterized by its publications stuffed with humor and irony, ranging from themes such as politics to religion. The objective of this research is to understand and analyze how masculinities, in special the one of the religious, political and working man, are represented in the referred printed media, and how these masculinities approach or distance from the hegemonic masculinity model. To this purpose, will serve as basis for the research the magazine‘s images/ illustrations and its respective texts, whereas, illustrated magazines were a tendency in the early twentieth century. We also intent to contribute for the reflection regarding the representation of man,that lived in the Parana state during the time of the magazine‘s publications. The research is based on the principles of the British Cultural Studies and its aspect, the Gender Studies, as well as gender theories proposed by Joan Scott (1995), Robert Connell (1997), Michael Kimmel (1997), Sócrates Nolasco (1993), Elisabeth Badinter (1993), Pierre Bourdieu (2009) and Miriam Grossi (1998). We will also reflect on the role of printed media as a place of memory, for so, we use as guide the conceptions of Pierre Nora (1993). It is through memory that we have access to contents published in the last century, allowing us to know how were the behaviors, standards and ideals of that time. We know that both gender and identity construction are plural, as stated by Stuart Hall (2001) and Zygmunt Bauman (2005), and that they must be thought from the influences of the social, cultural and historical environment in individuals. Therefore, media works as a form to create, spread and contribute to the consolidation of stereotypes, which are constantly suggested for both men and women.