TERRITÓRIO E JUSTIÇA ESPACIAL: GOIOXIM E MARQUINHO E O PROCESSO DE EMANCIPAÇÃO POLÍTICO-ADMINISTRATIVA

Abstract

The creation of municipalities in Brazil was boosted after the promulgation of the 1988 Federal Constitution, causing significant fragmentation of its territory, from the approximately 1,431 municipalities emancipate from 1988 to 1996, when there was the sanction of the constitutional amendment 15/96, restricting emancipation. In Paraná were created 81 new municipalities, including Goioxim and Marquinho, focuses of this research. Several studies have suggested that this compartmentalization was due to the partitioning of the decentralization process in support of the Federation states, for instigate political participation and improve the quality of life of local people. Others also expound the political-electoral nature of reasons that permeated the emancipatory processes, discussions about the tax incentive transfers and rising costs needed to run these new public machines. Considering this context, the objective of this research was to understand how the rising of districts to the position of municipalities in the state of Paraná, more specifically to Goioxim and Marquinho emancipation processes, enabled socioeconomic changes, resulting in greater spatial justice for these territories. Seeking to achieve this purpose, the indices provided by CNM and the FIRJAN were analyzed, the information collected through interviews and questionnaires, allying the bibliographic reference. By investigating the emancipatory processes and the establishment of Goioxim and Marquinho as municipalities, and realize the different political-electoral interests that permeated the process, was examined the contributions that the fact implied in those involved municipalities, enabling conditions so that they could meet basic social needs of its population, allowing that mainly the access to health and education were provided, providing social justice.