ESTUDO DA COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DO EXTRATO OLEOSO DE PRÓPOLIS DA REGIÃO DE PRUDENTÓPOLIS

Abstract

Propolis is a resinous and balsamic substance colleted by bees, mainly Apis mellifera, from various plant sources as buds, branches, to which bees add wax and salivary resins. Propolis pharmacologycal activities are well known, like: antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, among others. Those properties are assigned to the various phenolic compounds presented in its composition, as phenolic acids and flavonoids. The main objective of this research was the study of chemical composition of propolis oily extract through fractionation, isolation, identification and quantification of its compounds. The fractionation of the extract was started by classic liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. The identification of some organic components was performed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, mass spectrometry tandem, and nuclear magnetic resonance. In this study was possible to identify 7 compounds in the propolis oily extract: 4 phenolic acids and 3 flavonoids, and the dihydrokaempheride flavonoid was isolated and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in propolis oily extract; which allowed the quantification of total flavonoids in propolis oily extract taking dihydrokaempheride as a standard. The dihidrocanferida was evaluated in tests of in vitro cytotoxicity against human tumor cells, however, did not show antitumor potential. The levels of 8 metals were also determined , in the crude propolis and in propolis oily extract, by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).