DESENVOLVIMENTO E ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE MIRTÁCEAS SOB O EFEITO DE Trichoderma spp. E FOSFATO NATURAL

Abstract

The Myrtaceae family has a huge importance in the recovery of degraded areas and the enrichment of secondary forests. In small and medium-sized farms, we can establish a practice focused on the planting of native species, assuming similar to other perennial crops economic importance. In this sense, the objective of this work was to determine the potential of the fungus, Trichoderma spp. FS1 development and mineral nutrition of species Myrcianthes punges and Eugenia pyriformis undergo fertilization with rock phosphate Arad. The treatments were control; Trichonat PM® (50g pit?¹); Trichoderma spp. FS1 (50g pit?¹); Natural phosphate Arad (1kg pit?¹); Trichonat PM® (50g pit?¹) + Natural Phosphate Arad; Trichoderma spp. FS1 (50g pit?¹) + Natural phosphate Arad (1kg pit?¹). The growth variables in the field were: plant height, stem diameter, canopy diameter and insertion point of the first branches. Evaluations were performed at 60, 120, 180, 480 and 540 days after planting, totaling five evaluation in the field . At 540 days after planting the plants were completely removed from the soil for mineral analysis. The experimental design was a 3x2x5 factorial (inoculant x phosphate fertilizer x time) for the field and 3x2 (inoculant x phosphate fertilization) for nutritional analysis. In the development of Myrcianthes punges plant treatment Trichoderma spp. FS1 increased by approximately 27 % and 124% of the canopy diameter and insertion point of the first branches, respectively, at 540 days after planting, when compared with the control, regardless of the presence or absence of P fertilization. For dry biomass variable, no interaction between the primary and secondary factors and no significant effect separately was observed. However, it was found that the treatments showed a slight tendency to increase in absolute values in the presence of phosphorus fertilization. The Myrcianthes punges responded positively by the use of inoculants of Trichoderma spp. FS1, Which improved the assimilation of nitrogen, sulfur and magnesium in roots, leaves, stems and branches. For the species Eugenia pyriformis treatment Trichonat PM® in the presence of phosphate fertilization showed a 35% increase in stem diameter, plant height 30 %, when compared with the control. For dry biomass, Trichoderma spp FS1 treatments. and Trichonat PM® promoted increased 100 and 176 %, respectively, in the presence of phosphorus fertilization. The presence or absence of P fertilization treatment Trichoderma spp. FS1 increased the content of calcium in the leaf, potassium, sulfur, magnesium and calcium in the stem and the branches and roots of the plant Eugenia pyriformis. In seedlings that were treated with PM Trichonat® was found higher nitrogen content in the leaves and branches, and sulfur, calcium and magnesium in the branches of native forest, only in the presence of phosphorus fertilization.