DETERMINAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE METAIS EM SOLO E LIXIVIADOS EM ÁGUA PROVENIENTES DA DISPOSIÇÃO INADEQUADA DE PILHAS E COMPONENTES ELETRÔNICOS

Abstract

In recent decades there has been a large increase in the use of electronic devices, consequently, in the batteries production, generally used as energy sources in electronic devices. When these products have no more use, for lack of alternative or information, they are dumped along with solid waste common. With improper disposal of these materials, the heavy metals can be leached infiltrating and contaminating the soil, groundwater and surface water. Given these facts, the present study has an analytical purpose and environmental one. Soil columns were prepared containing batteries and electronic components, rain was simulated in these columns and the percolated water and the soil were collected. For the analytical purpose we used two variants of XRF to quantify the metals present in the leachate and soil. To such, was validated it the SR-TXRF method for water analysis and the EDXRF method for soil analysis. In the environmental purpose was interpreted the results of analytical methods for the dynamic elements in soil and water and its possible impact on environmental contamination. The detection limits for water samples ranges, from 0.22 to 4.32 . These values are in agreement with the minimum acceptable limits for the application of CONAMA 369/2008 Resolution. The results indicate that occurred higher leaching of K, Mn, Zn and Pb in the columns with improper disposal of batteries. The detection limits for EDXRF ranged from 5390 to 16 m k . The results of the analysis by EDXRF show that K, Mn and Zn concentration in the samples contaminated by batteries presented values above the blank, mainly in the surface layer of the soil. In the soil samples contaminated with electronic components Ti, Mn and Pb concentrations were over the blank sample while Cu and Zn were below the blank. The concentration variation for metal in soil was evident just in surface soil, up to 10 cm. From 10 to 40 cm the difference from blank soil was minimal. SR- TXRF and EDXRF were efficient methodologies for evaluation of metals in water and soil, respectively.