ATIVIDADE FÍSICA RELACIONADA À SAÚDE COMO TEMA ESTRUTURANTE DO COMPONENTE CURRICULAR EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA

Abstract

The National School Health Survey (PeNSE) brings with it alarming data on the health behavior of adolescents between 13 and 17 years of age, in which only 28% reported sufficient physical activity (with at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily) corroborating the high percentage (approximately 20%) of Brazilian adolescents who are overweight, associating these conditions (sedentary lifestyle and obesity) with the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, resulting in health problems for their later lives. One of the alternatives considered most effective in coping with this reality is the practice of physical activity intrinsic to the physical education curriculum at school, presenting as a subterfuge for the development of healthy habits and physical and mental awareness regarding the expanded concept of health, aiming to the biological, psychological, social and even organizational well-being of schoolchildren and later in adult life. To this end, documents with prescriptions and work strategies in the aforementioned discipline have been published, such as the National Common Curricular Base and the Physical Activity Guide for the Brazilian population, which are guidelines and seek to adapt the Law of Guidelines and Bases to current concerns. and practices that are in vogue in society; in addition to programs carried out by the State that aim at monitoring and positive actions for the development of students, such as PeNSE itself, the Health at School Program, however, which has not shown the necessary effectiveness. In this perspective, the present study's focal point is to discretize from PeNSE which are the main factors that contribute to this deficiency in results, and, together with the guiding documents, seek ways to adapt what is prescribed, presenting as a product a document that summarizes actions effective in favor of both the health and education of Brazilian adolescents. The research is divided into four articles/chapters, first ordering the results of PeNSE (2019), followed by the presentation of the BNCC for Physical Education and its applicability; in a third moment, exposing the Ministry of Health's suggestions for the school community, through the Physical Activity Guide for the Brazilian Population; and finally, presenting the document promoted by UNESCO in 2015, called Quality Physical Education, which covers Physical Education at school level in several countries. After exposing the lack of physical activity among Brazilian schoolchildren, its determinants, and possible consequences; The present study draws conclusions between the inconsistencies of the BNCC, and the lack of identity of the Physical Education curricular component, which has been understood as a cultural expression, and not as health promotion, which in a maieutical way, shows itself as the core not only of justification of its presence in the school environment, as well as of its entire existence as an area of knowledge.