PRINCÍPIOS ATIVOS NO TRATAMENTO DE SEMENTES INDUSTRIAL NA CULTURA DO TRIGO

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the interference of different active ingredients in the industrial seed treatment (IST), regarding to seed physiological quality with and without storage, under laboratory, field, and greenhouse condition. For laboratory condition, it was used a completely randomized design (CRD), distributed in a factorial scheme 10x2x3, using ten IST, two cultivars (TBIO Sossego and ORS 1401, for all experiments), three storage periods (0; 30 and 60 days after treatment-DAT) and three replications. Germination in paper, sand and vigor were evaluated. For greenhouse condition, an CRD was used and distributed in a factorial scheme 10x2, with ten IST, 2 cultivars and with 4 replications. Shoot and root dry matter weight and shoot and root green matter weight were evaluated. For field condition, it was used a randomized block design (RBD) distributed in a factorial scheme 10x2x2, with ten IST, two cultivars, two sowing dates and with 4 replications. For field condition, it was evaluated the stand, plant height, tillering, hectoliter weight, thousand-kernel weight (TKW) and grain yield. All characteristic averages were compared by Scott-Knott test at significance level of 5%, and it was also performed fifteen non-orthogonal contrasts for field condition and fourteen for greenhouse condition. Physiological quality of the seeds is dependent on each cultivar and it was influenced by the active ingredient used in the IST and by the non controlled storage period. The increase in the non-controlled storage period negatively influenced the germination in paper roll and the vigor of the treated seeds, which are dependent on the cultivar used. The active ingredient Tiodicarb in IST had a positive effect on germination in sand and vigor at storage periods of 30 and 60 days after IST, regarding to cultivar ORS 1401. The use of industrial seed treatment with insecticide positively influences root green matter in wheat seedling. The wheat seedling green matter was reduced by the use of Carboxamide fungicide in the industrial seed treatment.