VIABILIDADE TÉCNICO-ECONÔMICA DA PRODUÇÃO DE BIOMETANO E ENERGIA ELÉTRICA A PARTIR DA FRAÇÃO ORGÂNICA DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS GERADOS NO MUNICÍPIO DE GUARAPUAVA-PR

Abstract

The anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) is an important technology for energy production, corroborating the increase in the useful life of the landfill and the reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions in the waste management sector. In this context, studies on the economic aspects can help decision making about investments in energy recovery projects of these plants. Thus, this work aimed to analyze the economic viability of two hypothetical projects of energy production through anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) in the sanitary landfill of Guarapuava county, Paraná State: the first project (P1) aimed at the production of biomethane for commercialization; and the second project (P2) aimed at producing biomethane for conversion into electrical energy. To this end, the amount of biomethane and the electrical power available were calculated from estimates of the amount of MSW destined for the sanitary landfill between 2023 and 2042. It was still estimated the costs of installation, operation and maintenance of the plant in the two projects, and the billing was calculated for selling biomethane, decarbonization credits (CBIOs), electricity, recyclable materials and the provision of services on the final disposal of MSW in the sanitary landfill. Through the calculation of the net present value (NPV), it was concluded that there is no economic feasibility for the implementation of P1 and P2 projects. The NPV sensitivity analysis was carried out considering the reduction of the highest investments and costs group of the projects, noting that the economic viability of the projects is linked to a equal or greater reduction than 70% and 80% of these expenses in P1 and P2, respectively. The results show the needing to develop more consistent policies and economic incentives for the use of the anaerobic digestion technological route to generate energy in sanitary landfills in municipalities with population characteristics similar to Guarapuava.