PROGRAMA DE MANEJO PARA CONTROLE DE DOENÇAS DO FEIJÃO

Abstract

The cultivation of beans has significant importance in the Brazilian scenario, having relevance both in nutritional, economic and social issues. The main obstacle to increasing productivity is found in diseases that affect this crop, especially anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and angular leaf spot (Phaeoisariopsis griseola). Currently the main method used for the management of these diseases is chemical control, however the erroneous and exacerbated use can cause economic, environmental and human damages. Thus, management programs including biological and alternative techniques together with chemical control can be a mechanism to be used to control common bean diseases. Thus, the objective of the work was to test possible methods, alternative and biological for the control of bean diseases, to detect the possible growing season where a higher amount of diseases occurs, as well as to test the best disease control program for the crop. The experiment was carried out at the Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Campus Cedeteg, Guarapuava- Pr. In a greenhouse, the alternative and biological controls were tested, with the following treatments: Trichoderma tomentosum, Serenade® (Bacillus subtilis), Comet® (Pyraclostrobin), Canola and Cambre extract and control. The best treatments of the greenhouse were taken to the composition of the management program. Thus forming a total of 6 management programs, which had in their composition the following treatments: T. tomentosum, Serenade® (Bacillus subtilis), Dithane® (protector – mancozeb), Fox® (systemic – trifloxystrobin). The management programs were made with the variation of time of application and positioning of each treatment. Concomitant to this experiment, the Management Program was tested against chemical control in three different planting seasons (October, November and December), the first being composed of: Trichoderma tomentosum + Serenade®, Dithane®, Fox® + T. tomentosum, Fox® + Serenade®, the chemical control consisted of two sequential applications of Fox®, and two more applications of Orkestra®. The period in which the highest incidence and severity of anthracnose and angular leaf spot were obtained was for the November and December plantings. Having the management program satisfactory results for the continuation of the third phase: validation of the management program. In turn, this experiment consisted of eight treatments, control, Management Program, Bayer management, Basf management, Syngenta Management, Management Program + Bayer, Management Program + Basf, Management Program + Syngenta.