ESTRUTURAÇÃO DE BASES TEMÁTICAS COMO SUBSÍDIO À PROPOSIÇÃO DE TRATAMENTOS SILVICULTURAIS PARA FRAGMENTOS DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA

Abstract

This study aimed to organize thematic bases to support the planning of forest management activities in patches of Araucaria Forest located in small properties with characteristics of family farming practices and subsistence. The study was conducted in the center region of the south of Paraná state, in the municipality of Fernandes Pinheiro. The research involved 36 properties in that region. Land use/land cover mapping of each property was performed using a WorldView2 satellite image with spatial resolution of 0.5 meters in the panchromatic band and 2.0 m in multispectral bands. Streams and ponds were also digitized on the image. Buffers representing Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) were created according to the old and the new Forest Code, thus allowing comparisons in what concerns the contraction of areas in which PPAs should be restored, the use of consolidated PPAs and the new adjustments referred to in the New Forest Code. Only 95.6 hectares out of 140.47 ha of PPAs throughout the study area - which should be covered by natural forests in good condition - show a not-consolidated use and a natural forest cover. Areas with consolidated use in PPAs equals to 42.87 ha, but, according to Act 12651, the recovery of only 4.53 ha is required (approximately 10%). All properties were subdivided in eight Silvicultural Units (SUs), each one formed by polygons with homogeneous forest cover in relation to forest subtypology and legal condition (PPA area or not) to which the same treatment is recommended. Physical discontinuities like property limits, fences, rivers and roads determined the subdivision of the same SU, generating two or more forest stands, considered as forest management administrative units. Eight silvicultural treatments were proposed for groups of stands representing the same forest subtypology. The following native species were indicated as key species for management: Araucaria angustifolia, Ocotea porosa, Ocotea odorifera, Cedrela fissilis, Ilex paraguariensis and Mimosa scabrela. Additionally, we also recommend the control of the exotic specie Hovenia dulcis Thunb. in the PPAs.