REDES DE INTERAÇÃO E ASSEMBLEIA DE ABELHAS EM FLORES DE Solanum didymum Dunal (1813) (SOLANACEAE) EM UM REMANESCENTE DE MATA ATLÂNTICA NO SUL DO BRASIL

Abstract

Nowadays, the Atlantic Forest biome is reduced due to repeated episodes of devastation. The most frequent pollination system in this biome is made by bees that have adaptations used for the collection of floral resources more efficiently. Studies on the effects of the pioneer plants such as the Solanaceae, and the bees through ecopalinológicas analyzes, may bring us important information about the efficiency of pollination and, consequently, in the forest restoration process. In this perspective we studied the interaction of networks and the structure of guilda of floral visitors of Solanum didymum bees. This study was conducted from September to November 2013 in the Municipal Park of Araucaria which is located in the municipality of Guarapuava, South-Central region of Paraná, Brazil (25°21`06 "S and 51°28`08" W). Were collected 500 bees in flowers Solanum dydimum with 32 species distributed in 5 families: Andrenidae, Apidae, Colletidae, Halictidae and Megachilidae. Two species were classified as common five intermediate and twenty-five rare. Most visitation activity in Solanum didymum flowers occurred from 12 to 13h. Only 306 bees were part of pollen analysis, and 249 of them from the network analysis. Through tangible measures from bees and flowers of S. didymum measures only Anthrenoides sp. 1 was considered effective pollinators and other species was considered pilhadoras or occasional pollinators. The interactions of the network consisted of 21 species of bee and 35 types pollenic being recorded 147 interactions (c = 20%). The bipartite graph and the index NODF = 64.5 point nesting network of interaction between bees and pollenic types, evidencing a cohesive core of general interacting with generalists, specialists interacting with generalists and lack of interactions between experts. The results of pollenic analyzes and interaction networks lead us to think that there is complementarity between nutritional S. didymum and pollen types present in the Municipal Araucaria Park.