INSERÇÃO DA QUÍMICA VERDE EM ATIVIDADES EXPERIMENTAIS DE GRADUAÇÃO

Abstract

To plan or reformulate synthetic routes so as to make them less, or nothing, contaminants, Green Chemistry provides twelve basic principles that guide the planning of syntheses. Thus, this study applied the eight principles of Green Chemistry in some experimental procedures of the disciplines of Qualitative Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry. In the discipline of analytical chemistry experiment for the determination of the group of copper (lead, cadmium, copper, mercury and bismuth) proposed an alternative methodology, this group was working in a theoretical way, where students follow all steps of the experiment for photos the experiment, other routes not involving discard of difficult metals (eg, calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, etc.) are performed normally. In the discipline of Organic Chemistry worked with the experimental synthesis and characterization of butanal. Usually, one obtains the butanal product from the oxidation of butanol using K2Cr2O7/H2SO4 solution containing chromium VI considered harmful. In this work this was replaced by an oxidizing solution KMnO4/H2SO4. It was also used a mixture of sodium hypochlorite in acid medium, an oxidizing agent considered "green" for obtaining butanal and butanone from the butanol and butan-2-ol, respectively. To minimize the formation of residues, in the preparation of acetanilide and dibenzalacetona, the quantity of reagents was greatly reduced (in microscale experiment). The efficiency calculation was applied to the atomic experiment nitration of acetanilide. Proposed activities include most of the principles proposed by Green Chemistry, demonstrating that through small initiatives can enter the Green Chemistry in the discipline of chemistry course.