Produtividade e Análise Econômica da Cultura da Cebola sob diferentes densidades de plantio e níveis de adubação

Abstract

The present experiment had as objective to evaluate the influence of fertilization levels and the agronomic characteristics of plant population and the onion bulbs quality and yield, as well as the economic viability of the cultivar "Bola Precoce". The trial was conducted in Guarapuava, the Center-South region of Paraná state. Where four levels of NPK fertilizer were tested in accord with recommended for the culture which were 100%, 150%, 200% and 250%, and it was compared with four differents onion planting densities, 400,000; 600,000; 800,000 and 1,000,000 of plants per hectare, randomized in blocks at random in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement with four replications. The fertilizer used was 100%, 150%, 200% and 250% of the recommended for culture, applied at planting and coverage. The sources used for the formulation fertilizer was urea, superphosphate simple and potassium chloride. According to the results obtained under the conditions of experiment can affirm that with increased planting density of culture was not necessary to increase the dose of fertilizer applied. The increase in the density of planting increased linearly the productivity of onion and also the production was significantly higher within the larger commercial interest classes (c 3 and 4). Density and fertilizer interaction was not significant, was found that the increase in the density of 400,000 to 1,000,000 million plants ha?¹ has provided increased productivity of 84%, 70% in gross margin and 94% in net margin. Maximum economic efficiency was achieved with a dose of 125% of the recommended, 2,528 kg ha?¹ of NPK with a productivity of 72, 1 t ha?¹ and the maximum efficiency technique was achieved in fertilization of 155% and productivity of 72.9 t ha?¹, 3,133 kg ha?¹ of NPK.