DINÂMICA E SEQUESTRO DE CARBONO EM FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA ALUVIAL URBANA

Abstract

The objective of this work was to test the occurrence of carbon sequestration compensation by analyzing the growth dynamics of the Alluvial Urban Alluvial Forest fragment and the inventory of greenhouse gas emissions, in particular Carbon Dioxide. The study was developed at the State University of the Center-West (UNICENTRO) Campus CEDETEG, municipality of Guarapuava, Paraná. The forest inventory was carried out in 3 transects (A, B and C), totalizing 41 subplots: Transect A - 15 subplots; Transect B and C - 13 subplots, with dimensions of 10 x 10 m (100 m²), that is, 4100 m2 of sample area. The forest re-inventory of the fragment was obtained, obtaining the data of the floristic composition, and the phytosociological parameters of: Density d Absolute Dominance; Density and Relative Dominance; Absolute and Relative Frequency; Coverage Value and Importance Value and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou Uniformity Index, Simpson Index and Exotic Environmental Impact Index, and the dynamic processes of the fragment were evaluated. The biomass and carbon stock in the litter and standing trees were quantified by means of adjusted allometric equations. Carbon emissions were quantified / inventoried within the CEDETEG Campus, for this inventory the IPCC 2006 methodology was adopted. A total of 858 arboreal individuals were found, distributed in 34 species and 23 botanical families. The Shannon Index (H ') for the study fragment was 2.22, the Pielou Uniformity (J') 0.63, the Simpson Index (D) was 0.23 and the environmental impact index Was 0.91, indicating that exotic species represent just over 10%. The total stock of carbon sequestrated in the total area of the fragment was 253.54 Mg of carbon in 2016. Among the fractions observed, the highest carbon stock in 2016 was in the branches 54.0%, followed by a 39.7% Bark 2.8% and leaves 3.5%; The carbon stock present in the litter for the year 2016 for the fragment was 118.69 Mg of carbon, in which we have an average content of 2.19 Mg ha-1 of carbon and the accumulated litter of 4.72 Mg.ha Of litter. The total emission was 92,386.10 Mg CO2.year-1 or 25,242.10 Mg C.year-1. The balance between carbon sequestration and emissions was negative in 2016.