INFLUÊNCIA DE AMBIENTES DE PRODUÇÃO E DE CULTIVARES NOS TEORES DE ÓLEO E PROTEÍNA EM SOJA

Abstract

Increased oil and protein content is a yearning for the industry that process soybeans’ grain. The knowledge of the adaptation of cultivars to distinct environments is important to reach high yields of grain, oil and protein. The objective of this study was to test the influence of production environment and soybean cultivars on oil and protein contents. Two soybean cultivars were evaluated in the field and in the greenhouse in the 2015/16 and 2016/17 crops: BMX Apolo and TMG 7262. Four field experiments were conducted in Guarapuava, Candói, Pinhão and Roncador, in the State of Paraná. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications in split-plot scheme in which the sites (municipalities) and crop seasons were allocated in the main plot and the cultivars in the subplot. In the greenhouse, it was a randomized block design in a split plot scheme in which the cultivars and crop seasons were allocated in the main plot, and the water treatments (control, restriction in R5 and restriction in the whole cycle) in the subplot, with four replicates. The evaluations were: yield of grains, oil and protein and oil and protein contents. Cultivation in warmer locations resulted in higher oil content, but colder locations resulted in higher protein content. The cultivar BMX Apolo obtained higher protein content and cultivar TMG 7262 higher oil content in most treatments. In this study the temperature was a more important factor than the water availability, and the treatments with water restriction did not affect the protein contents. The oil and protein yields are highly influenced by grain yield.