AVALIAÇÃO DA RESPOSTA BIOLÓGICA DA LASIODIPLODANA MODIFICADA QUIMICAMENTE POR CARBOXIMETILAÇÃO SOBRE UM MODELO ANIMAL DE DIABETES

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that is increasingly affecting the world's population, characterized by abnormal elevation of glucose levels in the blood, results from defects in insulin secretion or in its action on the body. Surveys show a DM epidemic in progress, designing a number worldwide of 471 million people with the disease in 2035. In the search for new treatment alternatives, some polysaccharides derived from plants, algae, bacteria and fungi aroused interest of the chemical and pharmaceutical, and various research groups in countries around the world. Among the polysaccharides of interest, there are the β-glucans, which have demonstrated biological effects, especially in the treatment of diabetes. However, its low solubility hinders its use for therapeutic purposes, with the necessity of chemical modification of the molecule, improving negative aspect of this low solubility. The chemical modifications in the structure of glucan to carboxymethylation, has contributed to increase the solubility of the molecule, so favoring specific tests on different models of disease. The aim of this study was to test on a model of diabetic animals, the hypoglycemic effect of - (1 → 6) -D-glucan chemically modified by carboxymethylation. 30 Wistar rats were used, with 110 days old and 266 ± 15 g. of weight. The induction of diabetes was performed by administering Aloxan Monohydrate at a concentration of 125 mg / kg animal body weight. In sub-chronic form, the animal groups received 5 and 15 mg / kg - (1 → 6) -D-glucana produced the fungus in submerged culture Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI chemically modified by carboxymethylation, 15 mg / kg of metformin, in addition saline for the control groups. Their term of treatment was 28 days and this period monitored weekly weight, glucose levels and daily feed intake and water. At the end of treatment, animals were anesthetized for blood collection and later sacrificed for removal of organs. They were performed biochemical analyzes quantifying cholesterol levels, triglycerides, SGOT, SGPT, urea, creatinine and glucose in addition to histological evaluation of the kidneys, the pancreas and liver of animals.