PRODUÇÃO E QUALIDADE DA FORRAGEM DE CEREAIS DE INVERNO COLHIDOS EM DIFERENTES FASES DE DESENVOLVIMENTO

Abstract

The present work sought to evaluate the effect of hibernal forage combinations under different harvesting managements for animal feeding. The materials evaluated consisted of combinations of black oats (Avena strigosa Schereb.), white oats (Avena sativa L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.). For white oats, the cv. GMX Tambo was used; for black oats, the cv. GMX Picasso and GMX Bagual were used; for rye, the cv. Temprano was used. The cultivar associations used were: ABT+APP- Tambo White Oats + Picasso Black Oats; ABT- Tambo White Oats; APB+APP - Bagual Black Oats + Picasso Black Oats; ABT + CT - Tambo White Oats + Temprano Rye. The forage combinations described were subjected to five successive cuts, simulating grazing. A single cut was also carried out at the pre-flowering stage and a single cut at the mealy grain stage, in order to evaluate the forage for making pre-drying and silage. The evaluations measured the productions according to the interaction of the cultivars as well as the effect of the different types of cut on the variables analyzed. The bromatological analyses measured the contents of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin (LIG), mineral matter (MM), and estimated the concentrations of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC). The in situ degradability of the samples was performed at 24, 48, 96 and 168 hours. The morphological composition of the plants was also performed. When evaluated under a regime of five successive cuts, the combinations of hibernal forages showed stability in their bromatological characteristics of fiber until the fourth cut, suffering considerable decrease in forage quality and degradation of dry matter when evaluated the fifth cut. Evaluating the combinations tested in the same management, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) for the NDF content of the ABT+APP treatment (56.07%) which obtained the highest value. When evaluating the harvest of materials in pre-flowering or floury grain stage, the pre-flowering stage proved to be superior in fiber quality and ruminal degradation.