Desenvolvimento de macieiras cv. Fuji Suprema enxertadas sobre porta-enxertos da série Geneva®

Abstract

One of the main problems for the expansion of apple tree cultivation in Brazil is the adaptability of cultivars to edaphoclimatic conditions. In this way, the use of rootstocks can influence the cultivation in different regions. This work aimed to evaluate the vegetative growth, compatibility and adaptability of apple trees of the Fuji Suprema cultivar grafted on different rootstocks of the Geneva® series in edaphoclimatic conditions in the region of Guarapuava-PR. The experiment was carried out in the 2021/2022 harvest. During this period, Fuji Suprema apple trees grafted on four different rootstocks (G.202, G.210, G.213 and G.814) were evaluated. The plants were arranged in the field in four randomized blocks, with five plants per plot, totaling twenty plants per treatment. A spacing of 4 meters between rows and 1 meter between plants was used, in a leading central conduction system in espaliers. Analyzes of agronomic and physiological characteristics (trunk diameter, plant height, number of branches, diameter and length, chlorophyll a and b fluorescence) were evaluated during the 2021/2022 cycle. Sprouting percentage analysis was performed weekly after the plants broke dormancy starting at the green tip stage. The rootstock G.213 anticipated the flowering of apple trees cv. Fuji Suprema, provided less vigor, as well as promoted superior productivity for the study region of this work.