Azospirillum brasiliense EM CONSÓRCIO DE MILHO COM ARUANA EM SISTEMAS INTEGRADOS DE PRODUÇÃO AGROPECUÁRIA

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate the interaction between diazotrophic bacteria Azospirillum brasiliense and Megathyrsus maximum cv. Aruana in biomass production in intercropping with corn and in single crops. The study was carried out on the premises of the Central-West State University Campus Cedeteg, municipality of Guarapuava, Paraná. The assessments were carried out in the 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 agricultural harvests, in greenhouse and field area. The experimental design in the field was blocks randomized, consisting of six treatments, with four replications, being: corn and Aruana without inoculum (T1), corn and Aruana with Azospirillum brasiliense (T2), Aruana with Azospirillum brasiliense (T3), corn with Azospirillum brasiliense (T4), Aruana without inoculum (T5) and corn without inoculum (T6), 24 plots were implemented, measuring 12m x 4m. In a greenhouse, the design used was entirely random with the same number of replications and treatments, and the sampling units were represented by 20 liter pots, with soil extracted from the same field area. For the During crop sowing, 14 kg ha-1 of seeds were used for Aruana and 40 kg ha-1 of seeds for corn, with cross sowing. Inoculation was carried out in accordance with the commercial indication of Rizospirilum, 100 ml.ha-1, containing 2x108 UFC.ml-1 of azospirillum brasiliense. The following were evaluated in corn: dry mass (kg ha-1), diameter of stalk (cm), ear insertion height (m), productivity (kg ha-1), and development root and aerial part at 15, 30,45 and 60 days after planting. For Aruana, the following were evaluated: dry mass (kg ha-1), height (cm) and root and shoot development at 15, 30 and 45 days after planting. In a greenhouse, dry mass production (kg ha-1) development of the root system and aerial part for corn and Aruana. On the field significant results were seen for the inoculated treatments, with an increase of corn productivity in the second year of the experiment, in the first year there was no significant results in the inoculated treatments, considering the action of the factors climatic conditions and the affinity of the bacteria for certain cultivars, both corn and for genetic characteristics of Aruana, which can be seen in the results found for this cultivar. The lack of a pattern of responses highlights the expression of plant genetic characteristics in relation to Azospirillum response which may under certain conditions be nullified by environmental conditions. It is concluded that Azospirillum brasiliense exerts a positive influence on both corn and exposed to favorable soil and climate factors makes a significant difference in production of Megathyrsus maximum cv. Aruana. The corn consortium with Aruana enhances the inoculation results.