O CUIDADO HUMANIZADO À MULHER MÃE DE PRÉ-TERMO EM UTIN: ENLACES DE TECNOLOGIAS LEVES DE CUIDADO EM SAÚDE

Abstract

Prematurity is one of the main causes of hospitalization in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) and causes intense suffering to women, mothers and caregivers of preterm newborns (NB). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of care technology actions - “HumanizAção” (HumanizAction) and the contributions provided to the experiences of women-mothers, based on humanized care during and after the process of hospitalization of their child in the NICU. For this purpose, three qualitative studies were carried out, supported by action research that gave rise to the construction of narratives. The research corpus is based on the interdisciplinary extension project - “HumanizAção” (HumanizAction), from August/2022 to August/2023, which implemented light care technologies for women-mothers in a NICU in the state of Paraná – Brazil. The technologies were configured along two axes: manual activities, self-care and relaxation. The results are presented in the Scandinavian model, in three articles based on the interweaving of data, obtained in article 1 through participant observation, in article 2, the latter plus the application of a characterization questionnaire, and finally in article 3, the combination of these three techniques. Article 1 described the effects provided by humanized care strategies and their intersections with social entrepreneurship in its micro context. The study revealed that the actions involving manual activities were a space of listening, acceptance and empowerment for women-mothers to express their feelings, creativity, establish solidarity, and build bonds between themselves and the team. In article 2, the effects provided by humanized care strategies and their intersections with self-care were described. These actions also promoted listening and acceptance, in addition to maternal sisterhood and autonomy. Such repercussions represented the humanized care offered, health promotion and a way of confronting gender categories. Article 3 presented the repercussions of care technology on the experiences of women-mothers-caregivers during and after hospitalization in the NICU. The mediation of manual activities took place with the construction of diaries, revealing that the actions created a sensitive space, of welcoming and listening, possibilities for mothering and that the strategies used promoted resignification of past, present and future anxieties , reverberated beyond the context of the NICU. As a result, the studies revealed the innovation and strengthening of existing public policies combined with the interweaving of light care technologies. It was considered that the actions promoted the health of women-mothers, helping to cope with the hospitalization of a preterm child and, at critical moments, favored the reframing of the birth of a baby and a mother. It is believed that the experiences presented demonstrate that women-mothers benefited from the actions, as they prioritized and respected the place they are, without using the strategies in a rigid way. Thus, they softened the process of admission to the NICU. From this, knowledge was produced with a commitment to the human, with an interdisciplinary approach, demonstrating the importance of the synergy between extension-research-teaching, in the development of skills and competencies in health training.