(DES)OBRIGADAS A GESTAR, (DES)OBRIGADAS A PARIR: DISCURSOS SOBRE O ABORTO LEGALIZADO NO DOCUMENTÁRIO “ALÉM DA LEI, O ABORTO LEGAL NO BRASIL”

Abstract

The issue of abortion raises great discussions and complex analysis, which cover moral, ethical, psychological, physiological, religious and legal issues. In Brazil, the consented abortion finds legal support in cases where the pregnancy is due to rape, when there is risk to the life of the pregnant woman or when there is a diagnosis of anencephaly of the fetus. Constituting a serious social and public health problem, it affects women, especially those who belong to the most vulnerable strata of our society, who, due to ignorance or lack of State support, continue to be at risk of death when they undergo abortion procedures without medical support. Based on this, this work has as main objective to analyze how legal abortion is discursivized in the documentary "Beyond the law, legal abortion in Brazil", a short film that was released in the year 2018, by the Human Rights Clinic of the Federal University of Paraná, in partnership with the Plural Feminine Collective of Porto Alegre and circulates in digital space, through the YouTube platform. In this work, we understand the documentary as a discursive event (PÊCHEUX, 2008; ORLANDI, 2017), which circulates in the digital space intersecting different signifying materialities (LAGAZZI, 2009) and functioning as a discourse of resistance (PÊCHEUX, 1990). To achieve this goal, we outlined a cartogram of the main female achievements that ensure women the right to decide about their own bodies, checking which memories about legalized abortion resonate in the discursive materialities cut for analysis. The documentary tells the story of three women, victims of sexual violence, and they are told by actresses, in order to protect the identity of these subjects. These discourses are interspersed with discourses of other subjects who occupy different places in our social formation, among them, professionals from different institutions, such as the Women's Police Station, the Women's Reference Centers, hospitals and universities. We base this work on Discourse Analysis, founded by the French philosopher Michel Pêcheux and updated in Brazil by Eni Orlandi and other researchers who discuss and advance in this field of knowledge. What we intend with this research is not only to analyze the discourses that emerge in the documentary, but to go "beyond the law", breaking with the inaccessibility of part of the population to the hermetic and hard language of law, thus contributing so that more women have access to the rights that are guaranteed to them by law.