DIVERSIDADE LINGUÍSTICA NA COLÔNIA MENONITA WITMARSUM : UMA ANÁLISE DA PAISAGEM LINGUÍSTICA LOCAL

Abstract

The present research aims to describe and analyze the Linguistic Landscape of the Witmarsum Colony, located in the municipality of Palmeira (PR). Founded by a group of German Mennonite immigrants, it is linguistically constituted by the contact of three named languages: the Plautdietsch; the Hochdeutsch; and the Portuguese - besides its varieties -. Despite our country's history of linguistic homogenization, several studies and researches claim that Brazil is multilingual, due to the multiplicity of peoples that colonized it. Thus, the focus of this study is linguistic diversity in the visual spaces of the colony, focusing on issues of language policy and multilingualism. The research is field, interdisciplinary and qualitative, with an approach in Sociolinguistics and Applied Linguistics, and the corpus was collected in the local linguistic scenario through the photographic record of the official and unofficial signs of the public space; it counted on a quantitative of 80 units of analysis, considering informative signs, signs of businesses and public institutions, street signs, traffic signs, billboards, service provider signs, tombstones, menus, among others. The theoretical framework was grounded by Calvet (2007); Lagares (2018); Spolsky (2004, 2009, 2016); Landry and Bourhis (1997); Gorter (2013); Shohamy (2006, 2010); Ben-Rafael et al. (2006); Cenoz and Gorter (2008); Backhaus (2006), Blommaert (2013) etc. The results indicate the predominance of Portuguese in the official signs, while in the unofficial signs, the Hochdeutsch immigration language, along with Portuguese - bilingual signs - had greater visibility. The Plautdietsch - language of the Mennonites - had no expressiveness in the linguistic landscape, even after the implementation of the language policy of co-officialization of the language. Thus, it is understood that there is a practice of language commodification in the use of Hochdeutsch, in order to add economic value and disseminate local tourism. The Plautdiestch, in turn, has a cultural function, which represents the identity of the German Mennonite people, but its authenticity and legitimacy are camouflaged by the languages that are institutionalized by teaching and gain greater emphasis in the linguistic landscape of the public space. In this way, there is a verticalized politics, in the sense that Plautdietsch is co-official, but it is Hochdeutsch that is taught at the college. So as long as Plautdietsch is not inserted into teaching, it will not have its legitimate use and will therefore be invisible in the linguistic landscape.

Dee Aufsecht von disse Forschung ess, dee Sproaklaundschauft von dee Kolonie Witmarsum enn dee Staudt Palmeira (PR) to beschriewe en to analysiere. Witmarsum word von eene Grupp Dietsche Mennonite Ennwaundra jejrindet en ess sproaklich derch den kontakt von dree Sproake toopjestalt: Plautdietsch; Hochdietsch en Portuguiesisch – toosaztlich to eahre variante –. Trotz dee Jeschicht von dee sproakliche Homogenisierung enn onst Launt, bestetje mehrere Utgowe en Forschunge, daut Brasilien weajen dee velzohl von Veltja, dee hiea Ennjesiedelt sennt, velsproakich ess. Doaweajen ess daut Fokus disse Studie, dee Velsproakichtjet en dee Bildriem enne Siedlung, woobie Froage von dee Sproakpolitij en dee Velsproakichtjet emm Meddelpunkt stohne. Dee Forschung ess Feldorientiert, Interdisziplinear en qualitativ, met een Aunsautz en Soziolinguistik en Aunjewaunte Sproakweetenschauft, en daut korpus word emm sproaklichen Bilt von dee Sted derch photographische Opptetjninj von dee ofizielle en onofizielle Tetjen enn dee opentliche Stede jesaummelt; en haud emm gaunzen 80 Analyseaunhette, wua unja aundere Auntetjninjsschilda, Schilda von Jeschafte en opentliche Ennrechtunge, Gosseschilda, Vetjeahschilda, outdoors, Schilda von Deenstlesta, Graufsteena en Mohltietskoate betracht. Dee theoretische Rehme ess opp Calvet (2007); Lagares (2018); Spolsky (2004); Landry; Bourhis (1997); Gorter (2013); Schohamy (2006, 2010); Ben-Rafael et al. (2006); Cenoz; Gorter (2008); Backhaus (2006) esw. Oppjebut. Dee Utfaule wiese opp eene dominaunz vom Portuguiseschen bie offizielle Schilda han, weahrent bie onoffizielle Schilda dee Ennwaundrungssproak Hochdietsch, toop met Portugiesisch (tweesproakje Schilda) stoatja sechtboa were. Plautdietsch (dee Sproak von dee Mennonite) wea enn dee Sproaklaudschauft uck no dee Omsatjinj von dee Sproakpolititj derch dee Ko-offizialisierinj von dee Sproak nich utdretjswies stoatj. Doamet woat vestohne, daut daut eene Praxis von Kommodifizierinj von dee Sproak emm jebruck vom Hochdietschen jeft, emm Senne daut dee wirtschauftliche Wet en Verbreedinj vom lokaten Tourismus jrata woat. Plautdietsch, deent aus eene kulturelle Roll, daut dee Identiteet vom Ditschen Minniste Voltj vetred, oba siene Authentiziteet en Legitimitet bliewe derch den Unjarecht, dee Instituzionalisierinj en den jratren Rum enn dee Sproaklaudschauft ve dee aundere Sproake vestoppt. Daut jeft aulsoo eene sentjrajchte Polititj, emm Senne, daut daut Plautdietsch Ko-offiziell ess, oba enn dee School daut Hochdietsch jeleht woat. Soo lang aus Plautdietsch nich enn dee School nennjesat woat, woat daut tjeene lejitimen jebruck habe en doaderch enn dee Launtschauft onnsechtboa jemoackt woare.