O ELETROSCÓPIO PARA EXPERIÊNCIAS EM FÍSICA MODERNA : UMA PROPOSTA DE SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA ELABORADA A PARTIR DO MODELO 5E´S

Abstract

The present work seeks to contribute to the insertion of Modern Experimental Physics in high school. Despite the importance of this area, there is little dissemination of practical materials among basic education teachers, who, in addition to facing difficulties in understanding the content, also face obstacles related to the high cost of the experimental apparatus involved. A didactic sequence was elaborated based on the 5E´s instructional model (Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate and Evaluate) including experiments with low-cost electroscopes. The electroscopes used can be built by the teacher himself, which were inspired by models proposed by Rutherford in the early 20th century. The instruments proved to be sensitive and effective for use in experiments involving the ionization of air by flame, the photoelectric effect and radioactivity measurements. The evaluation of the didactic sequence took place through an implementation, that involved one hundred and ten students from three high school classes at a public school in the municipality of Imbituva – PR. The results reveal greater student engagement during implementation classes, demonstrating that the didactic sequence satisfactorily achieved the proposed objectives, enabling the student to play a leading role in the classroom.