CONCENTRAÇÃO DE IODO URINÁRIO EM GESTANTES DO MUNICÍPIO DE GUARAPUAVA

Abstract

Iodine is an essential micronutrient for the synthesis of the thyroid gland hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), which directly participate in the control of basal metabolism in adults and in the growth and development of children. This element is essential for the normal course of pregnancy and the neuro-intellectual development of fetuses. Objective: To analyze the average concentration of urinary iodine among women during the pregnancy in the city of Guarapuava-PR and to correlate this concentration with socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with these pregnant women. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive study, in which participated 129 pregnant women, inhabitants of the city of Guarapuava-PR, from May 2021 to May 2022. To characterize the study population, urinary samples were collected from the participants and interviews were conducted to gather socioeconomic and demographics data. Results: The population of pregnant women in the analyzed municipality has an average concentration of urinary iodine of 266.02 µg/L (median 250 µg/L), indicating adequate intake of the element. However, a prevalence of insufficient intake was detected in 29.4 % of the population, meanwhile there were 7.0 % with excessive intake, revealing that a significant portion of this population is exposed to risks arising from this micronutrient deficiency or problems related to excessive intake. Conclusion: In the city of Guarapuava-PR, there is a predominance of adequate iodine intake and even above what is necessary in the population of pregnant women, however a relevant segment of the evaluated population has iodine insufficiency or excess intake, reinforcing the importance of individual assessment of each pregnant woman in relation to eating habits, salt consumption, need for supplementation of this mineral and the continuous reassessment of public policies committed to solving this problem.