FATORES ASSOCIADOS À FUNCIONALIDADE EM IDOSOS PÓS-COVID-19

Abstract

Population aging is a phenomenon present in developed and developing countries and in this age group, functionality is related to the quality of life, autonomy and independence of the elderly. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, physiological and pathological changes caused by the infection characterize the elderly as a population at risk. The present research aims to analyze the association between functionality and post-COVID-19 characteristics of elderly people registered in the Family Health Strategy Program in the municipality of Rebouças-Paraná (PR). This is an epidemiological study of a quantitative and analytical approach, carried out with elderly people registered in the Family Health Strategies (ESF's) in the city of Rebouças-PR. The identification of the elderly after infection by COVID-19 was carried out through an information system in the state of Paraná, called Notifica COVID-19. Data collection took place at the home of the elderly, through the application of a questionnaire with sociodemographic, clinical and COVID-19 questions. To identify the other variables of the study, the Clinical Functional Vulnerability Index-IVCF-20, the Katz scale (Activity of Daily Living-ADL), the Lawton scale (Instrumental Activity of Daily Living-IADL) and the Mini- MMSE Mental State Examination. The research obtained a favorable opinion from the Research Ethics Committee, under number 4,752,550. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The Chi-square test and multinomial logistic regression were used to obtain the Odds Ratio (odds ratio), with a confidence interval of 95% (95%CI) and the values were considered significant for p≤0.05. The tests were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences-SPSS, version 2.0. The results identified a prevalence of 54.9% (n=44) robust elderly, 25.6% (n=21) potentially frail and 19.5% (n=16) frail. There was a significant association between functionality and the variables related to COVID-19: hospitalization (p=0.010), UTI admission (p=0.010), dyspnea (p=0.038) and lack of glycemic control (p=0.038). Potentially frail elderly people are 4.47 times more likely to have poor glycemic control after COVID-19 (95% CI: 1.21-24.67; p=0.027) compared to robust elderly people. Frail elderly people are 5.33 times more likely to be hospitalized for COVID-19 (95% CI: 1.72-23.34; p=0.006), 13.33 times more likely to be admitted to the ICU (95% CI: 1). .46-140.53; p=0.022), 2.40 times more likely to have dyspnea as a post-COVID-19 symptom (95% CI: 1.02-11.37; p=0.047), and 9.63 times more likely to have poor glycemic control as a post-COVID-19 symptom (95% CI: 2.29-49.23; p=0.003) when compared with robust elderly individuals. The stratification of the functionality of the elderly in Primary Care is considered relevant for health systems as a predictor of risks and prioritization of health actions, taking into account, in addition to the functional framework, the conditions of COVID-19, especially in frail and potentially vulnerable elderly people. frail with post-COVID-19 symptoms of dyspenia and lack of glycemic control, and hospitalization and UTI admission due to the Coronavirus.