ENTRE CARTELAS E PEDRAS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DA SOCIABILIDADE E OS PAPÉIS DE GÊNERO NO CENTRO COMUNITÁRIO DO ASSENTAMENTO JOSÉ DIAS - INÁCIO MARTINS/PR (1991-2021)

Abstract

This dissertation proposed the study of the Community Center of a rural settlement product of the Agrarian Reform from a perspective little used in historiography: sociability relations based on gender distinctions. Therefore, the present dissertation analyzed the sociability relations undertaken at the José Dias Settlement Community Center, located in the rural area of the municipality of Inácio Martins, State of Paraná, which took place based, above all, on gender relations. In this way, we analyzed, through oral reports and photographs, how gender relations happened, understanding that they occur through power relations and in spaces of sociability that structured this community, being a place where men and women related to each other. and (re)constructed their history (AGULHON, 2016; CERTEAU, 1998; SCOTT, 1995; 2012; CONNELL, MESSERSCHMIDT, 2013). In order to do so, we sought to identify the transformations of this space that constituted the main object of our research - the José Dias Settlement - listing the subjects who frequented it, the social spaces, the relationships and practices undertaken in it as a community with intrinsic marks of a people. After analyzing the existing sociability practices in this space, it was possible to identify the rupture with the historically constructed ideal of femininity, with the social roles expected for each sex, in which women are destined for specific functions and spaces. Thus, it was clearly shown how the women of the settlement organized themselves and claimed for them a space of leisure and strictly masculine sociability. Through the reports and observations presented in our study, we showed how the spaces of sociability provided by the Community Center were very important in the development of more egalitarian relationships between men and women. From the survey carried out, we found that, in historiography, there are still few works thinking about this articulation of rural settlements and gender. Therefore, this work showed its relevance, as it intended to problematize a topic that is still little discussed by historians. In addition to pointing out that it is necessary to look at the youth inserted in this space, in order to provide for girls and boys, so that, as adults, they can make this space of sociability even more democratic.