Análise da geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos a partir da caracterização física no aterro sanitário de Porto União/SC

Abstract

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management constitutes a complex issue from different points of view, that needs to be addressed worldwide, and, especially in Brazil, that due the socioeconomic disparities between the cities are big, these issues become even more complex. Sometimes, cities invest significant resources from the municipal budget for the MSW management. The selective collection, one of the management phases, in addition to contributing to urban sustainability, is a source of income and social inclusion for recycling workers, contributing to a better MSW management and increasing the market value of materials that can be recycled. This study aimed to analyze the generation of MSW in the city of Porto União/SC from its physical characterization. The MSW from conventional collection that are disposed of in the municipal landfill of Porto União/SC were characterized and quantified by the quartering technique, allowing the elaboration of a diagnosis of MSW generation in the city, where the results were related to the economic aspects of the recycling market. The data obtained indicated that the largest amount of waste generated by the municipality was organic matter. However, the amount of recyclable materials was also considered high. Based on the observation of this high amount of waste that can be recycled, which is currently sent to the landfill, it is possible to conclude that the city's sorting unit loses sales material, around R$ 2,000.00 per load. Despite this, it was found that the city's sorting unit is very efficient by segregating the materials, which are classified into more than 20 categories, increasing the market potential for materials sold separately. The data obtained allow the elaboration of a diagnosis regarding the generation and management of waste in the studied place, as well as its better monitoring, assisting the managers in their decision-making. The results also show that de city has a potential to improve the selective waste collection, making the recyclable material even more worthy.