DIVERSIDADE ALFA E BETA DE PEQUENOS MAMÍFEROS NÃOVOADORES DA MATA ATLÂNTICA NO SUL DO BRASIL

Abstract

The understanding of the biodiversity patterns of the small non-flying mammals of the Atlantic Forest is of fundamental importance for the conservation of this biome. However, these standards are still not fully understood, especially in relation to the different diversity metrics. From this, this study aimed to analyze the alpha diversity of an assembly of small non-flying mammals of a fragment of Araucaria Forest; to evaluate the alpha and beta diversity of assemblages of small non-flying mammals in the Atlantic Forest of southern Brazil. The alpha diversity study of the assembly of small non-flying mammals was carried out in a fragment of Araucaria Forest (FOM) located in the Botanical Garden of Faxinal do Céu (Pinhão/PR). From the sampled fauna, the attributes of richness (S), relative abundance (AB), constancy index (CI), Shannon diversity (H ') and phylogenetic (DP) and functional diversity (DF) were evaluated. The study of regional alpha and beta diversity was carried out based on a bibliographical review of the distribution of the community of small non-flying mammals in the Atlantic Forest of Southern Brazil, which resulted in 15 localities. The same parameters were evaluated, except for AB, IC and H', for all localities. In addition, cluster analyzes were performed using Jaccard's similarity coefficient, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) with the objective of relating the environmental variables of the localities with the diversity metrics and the species sampled and analysis regression between similarity and distance between locations in the Past software. In alpha diversity, four taxa were recorded, being Akodon sp. the most abundant and common, the others were considered rare. The highest S, AB and DF values were observed in the soil stratum. In the alpha and beta diversity for the South region it was observed that there was variation in the attributes of richness, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity among the areas. The localities formed four groups with similarity of 50%. In the CCA, the temperature was associated with DP and Didelphis albiventris and Nectomys squamipes, while the area was related to DF and Akodon montensis and Oligoryzomys nigripes and precipitation and altitudes related to S and Sooretamys angouya. The regression showed that 13% of the similarity can be explained by the geographic distance. The high abundance of Akodon sp. can be influenced by the high distribution and abundance of the species of this genus in the Atlantic Forest. The observed relationship between some environmental variables and species was mainly in relation to the availability of resources. The present study demonstrated the distribution of some species in a FOM fragment in the state of Paraná, as well as the relationships between the distribution and diversity of the assembly of non-flying small mammals and the environmental variables of their localities.